Obesity has become one of the topmost medical problems in the world and is affecting more and more people. Obesity attracts host of other medical problems, which make tackling the obesity problem much more difficult. Hence a different branch of medicine called as “Bariatrics” has been established to tackle this menace and promote weight loss. It is a branch, which includes exercise, diet and behavioral management along with provisions for interventional surgeries, where necessary. One such surgery is known as the Bariatric Surgery.
Bariatric Surgery is also known as Weight Loss Surgery and is a procedure, which is performed on dangerously obese persons for losing weight. There are many types of Bariatric Surgeries, which have shown good results in weight loss management and also helped in the improvement in secondary medical infestations like the diabetes and heart problems.
The basic indication for the Bariatric Surgery is severe obesity with BMI of either or more than 40 kg/m2, who tried the first line of weight management program, under strict supervisions, but still has not been able to reduce weight. Before finalizing for the surgery, there should be an informed decision whereby, the patient is explained all the pros and cons of the operation procedure. He is also explained the possible complications that may arise during or immediately after the surgical procedure. The patient is also explained the possible long term effects like the possibility of reoperation, mal-absorption and gallbladder diseases.
The Bariatric Surgery for weight loss in obese patients can be classified into three main types that are:
• Predominantly restrictive procedure, where you reducing the size and capacity of the stomach with the help of adjustable gastric banding, Vertical Banded Gastroplasty, Intragastric Balloon and sleeve gastrectomy.
• Through the Predominantly mal-absorptive procedures, where you remove a part of stomach by procedures like biliopancreatic diversion or Jejunoileal by pass or the Endoluminal sleeve.
• Through mixed procedures like the Gastric Bypass Surgery, Implantable Gastric Stimulation and Sleeve Gastrectomy with Duodenal Switch.
Post-operatively after the Bariatric Surgery for weight loss, the patient has a restricted liquid diet consisting of diluted fruit juices, clear broth, or sugar free gelatin desserts. This is the diet of the patient till he does not recover from surgery. Once the patient is able to properly digest these food items, he is introduced to puree or blended sugar-free diet consisting of cream of wheat, little margarine, skimmed milk, protein drinks, mashed potatoes with gravy, and pureed fruits, which lasts for at least two weeks.
As the capacity of the stomach is greatly reduced during operation, the patient cannot overeat, as overeating cause’s nausea and vomiting. After complete recovery, there are certain diet restrictions according to the type of operation, which the patient has to follow. The patients have to take life long multivitamin pills to compensate for the reduction in the absorption of the essential nutrients. Another thing, which they have to remember is that life long they have to take high-protein and low fat diet.
Once the patient has recovered from the surgery, he is put on other weight loss programs like the exercises, so as to build up his stamina, and muscles to increase the calorie burning and hence have weight loss.
The basic indication for the Bariatric Surgery is severe obesity with BMI of either or more than 40 kg/m2, who tried the first line of weight management program, under strict supervisions, but still has not been able to reduce weight. Before finalizing for the surgery, there should be an informed decision whereby, the patient is explained all the pros and cons of the operation procedure. He is also explained the possible complications that may arise during or immediately after the surgical procedure. The patient is also explained the possible long term effects like the possibility of reoperation, mal-absorption and gallbladder diseases.
The Bariatric Surgery for weight loss in obese patients can be classified into three main types that are:
• Predominantly restrictive procedure, where you reducing the size and capacity of the stomach with the help of adjustable gastric banding, Vertical Banded Gastroplasty, Intragastric Balloon and sleeve gastrectomy.
• Through the Predominantly mal-absorptive procedures, where you remove a part of stomach by procedures like biliopancreatic diversion or Jejunoileal by pass or the Endoluminal sleeve.
• Through mixed procedures like the Gastric Bypass Surgery, Implantable Gastric Stimulation and Sleeve Gastrectomy with Duodenal Switch.
Post-operatively after the Bariatric Surgery for weight loss, the patient has a restricted liquid diet consisting of diluted fruit juices, clear broth, or sugar free gelatin desserts. This is the diet of the patient till he does not recover from surgery. Once the patient is able to properly digest these food items, he is introduced to puree or blended sugar-free diet consisting of cream of wheat, little margarine, skimmed milk, protein drinks, mashed potatoes with gravy, and pureed fruits, which lasts for at least two weeks.
As the capacity of the stomach is greatly reduced during operation, the patient cannot overeat, as overeating cause’s nausea and vomiting. After complete recovery, there are certain diet restrictions according to the type of operation, which the patient has to follow. The patients have to take life long multivitamin pills to compensate for the reduction in the absorption of the essential nutrients. Another thing, which they have to remember is that life long they have to take high-protein and low fat diet.
Once the patient has recovered from the surgery, he is put on other weight loss programs like the exercises, so as to build up his stamina, and muscles to increase the calorie burning and hence have weight loss.
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